independent variable

[ in-di-pen-duhnt vair-ee-uh-buhl ]

noun

1. Mathematics. a variable in a functional relation whose value determines the value or values of other variables, as x in the relation y = 3 x 2 . Compare dependent variable ( def 1 ).
2. Statistics. (in an experiment) a variable that is intentionally changed to observe its effect on the dependent variable. Compare dependent variable ( def 2 ), control variable ( def 1 ).

independent variable

noun

1. Also calledargument a variable in a mathematical equation or statement whose value determines that of the dependent variable: in y = f( x ), x is the independent variable
2. Also calledpredictor statistics the variable which an experimenter deliberately manipulates in order to observe its relationship with some other quantity, or which defines the distinct conditions in an experiment See also experimental condition

independent variable

/ ĭn′dĭ-pĕn′dənt /

1. In mathematics, a variable whose value determines the value of other variables. For example, in the formula for the area of a circle, A = π r ², r is the independent variable, as its value determines the value of the area ( A ).
2. Compare dependent variable

Word History and Origins

Origin of independent variable¹

First recorded in 1850–55

Example Sentences

The neurons that add the most dimensional flexibility are the "nonlinear mixed selectivity" ones that can account for multiple independent variables without necessarily summing them.

From Science Daily

In every case, civilian control, whether loose or restrictive, is an independent variable upon which democracy depends.

From Salon

Race and class have never been independent variables in American history, or at least not since the early 17th century.

From Salon

"So we measured that. We took the independent variables and measured it against the fatalities."

From Salon

Racism was treated throughout the night as an independent variable, a first cause, as in talking about Trump and his brand of racism, without any connection to our way of life.

From Salon